Sound Research*

When I researched the sound for my documentary I figured that the best way to find out what sort of audio I need was to watch the successful football documentaries I have been studying and work out how they used audio in the best way possible.I came to these conclusions within my research.


Class Of 92:

The Class of 92 has various ways of using sound. It features a lot of commentary from the archived matches that are shown throughout this documentary. This helps to create tension and build the excitement on the footage you are watching just from average commentary and dialogue. As well as this they also use a lot of music from Mancunian bands to create the atmosphere as well as making you instantly aware that this documentary is solely on Manchester United. Bands such as The Stone Roses and The Charlatans are very much Manchester based bands who have a reputation from growing up around Manchester so essentially they are ambassadors for the city. By playing music that represents both the area and the time period, you are adding small perks that instantly make a average documentary turn into an outstanding one.

The Crazy Gang:

Similarly to The Class Of 92, The Crazy Gang mainly contains audio from popular music from that time period.As this documentary is based on the later 1970's and 1980's then it is mainly filled with ska music from bands such as Madness and Dexys Midnight Runners. This is particularly similar as Madness are very much a London band which considering the documentary is about a London side then regional identity is again used for tensional purposes.More generic sound effects

Target Audience Research*

https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/KX9YSM5

Scripts*

What was your life your life like as a professional footballer?

What were you career highlights/highpoints?

Originally, where did you see your career taking you?

When did you injury first start to hamper your career?

How did you cope with not playing professionally anymore?

How has the transition been from playing to coaching?

How much do you miss playing football as a day to day job?

List of common conventions for a radio trailer

In Pete Gallacher’s “Life on Mars” trailer we see a bold opening, dramatic sound effects, an outro linking to the name of the show and its release date and a recognisable song. In a TV show trailer this ticks off everything that you are expecting within this trailer. The sound effects used are of police cars which based on this TV show is expected. You may also expect to hear people being arrested as well as general police chases etc. You expect seriousness at the start of the trailer and a scheduled time at the end which are both featured in this trailer. His voice comes across as slightly aggressive which links to the show as it’s a tough talking police drama. It is slightly longer than your average trailer, however as it goes into great detail then this is acceptable.

Analysing 3 Existing Channel Listings

In this analysis I shall be looking at 3 radio adverts and discussing how they use and portray genre, representation, target audience, narrative, connotation, denotation, sound, sound effects and theory.

I will be analysing 3 existing channel listings websites in order to get a good understanding as to what to feature in my channel listings advertisement. I shall be analysing them in terms of Colour, denotations, representation, theory and layout.

I shall be first analysing this channels listing on the TV times’ website. It has a fairly basic colour scheme with Black, white and blue being its primary colours. The logos of channels down the left hand side also have various colours however this has clearly not been specifically designed by the website editors themselves. I feel that by making all the programmes have bold black titles, it states clearly what it is and it entices readers into learning more about programmes they are interested in. When I make my advert, I need to consider how to use to colour to help to make my programme stand out.

I feel that black has been used purposefully heavily in this advert as it connotes formality which is exactly what a channel listings advert is meant to be. The white used in the background connotes simplicity which is highly required in channel listings, if you make this too complexed it will be over complicated which will make it difficult for its middle to lower class adult target audience. 

I feel that the TV times have done a fantastic job when it comes to representing its target audience. It purposefully uses a neatly presented schedule which is both formal whilst adding that simplistic touch at the same time. It also represents its target audience by using the actual logos from the TV channels that are being advertised. Channels such as BBC One and ITV have a recognisable logo so by using it, the audience will feel catered for and also it will help certain readers who struggle with names of channels. When making my advert, I need to consider how my advert represents my target audience as this is very important into making my advert successful. 

The layout of TV Times magazine is very formal and neat which represents its target audience very well as it is sophisticated which suits its adult target audience. It’s very systematic in the sense that all the channels are in the same order as they are on the television making it more relatable. It is also in chronological order which helps the readers to understand what time certain programmes are on, if it had been jumbled up into popularity order or alphabetical, it would be a lot harder for readers to plan their evenings of television viewing and it would be a case of pot luck as to whether they would see their favourite shows on any given evening.

In terms of representation theory, I feel that the channel listings represents its target audience as its formal and well structured, this is vital as channel listings need to be structured so that the audience all know what is going on.

A10 Equipment List*

Apple Mac
60D Camera
Tripod
Adobe Photoshop

Text Ideas

This would appeal to its audience as it’s a strong bold title and features the word “sports” all in capital letters. Red, blue and white are used as they connote the three main shirt colours used in football, which is arguably the most popular sport in our country. Because of the use of colour, football fans and other sports fans will subconsciously be intrigued and excited by this advert. These colours are also patriotic to Great Britain, England, Scotland and the United States, which are the main countries in which sporting content is represented via Sky.

This fits a sporting genre as the “sports” is in a very clear bold text. As it stands out, you can tell that sports are connoted as supposed to gardening or another lifestyle genre. The font is very easy to read meaning that you don’t have to think too much into the text to understand its true meaning.

This would be appropriate in a magazine in either a sports magazine or a tabloid newspaper, as the target audiences are more likely to be reached, via those publications.

This would appeal to all sports fans, particularly those who used to or currently collect football and sports stickers. The layout looks like a sticker collection which has been filled with all of the presenters on BT Sport and in the same context as your average sticker book. It would bring back nostalgic themes for adult fans that collected stickers as well as children today who collect them.

This fits a sporting genre on a broad spectrum as various sports are mentioned. These include; football, rugby, tennis and more. Because of this spectrum, then more fans are reached in the same advert which helps to increase the audience figures for BT Sport.

This would likely be featured in a double page spread of either a magazine or a newspaper. This advert would not be successful as a single page advert, nor would it be successful as an online advert. Due to its style and theme, the advert would blend in a magazine or newspaper as it looks very similar to a sticker album so readers will appreciate this advert more if it is in print.

This font looks sporty as it connotes something that you would regularly see inside a football magazine or sports TV show. There is nothing that shows its sporty, but at the same time when you see such a font it somehow connotes sporty tones or themes. Personally I am a huge fan of this font; personally I aim to use a font in a similar style in my own work.

This fits a sporting genre as it would be associated commonly with extreme sports such as skateboarding and rollerblading. It has an edgy and extreme feel to it which is why the connotations match with extreme sports. However classic sports would also use this font to keep their sport fresh and current.

This would likely be featured inside a television show based on extreme sports. Its typography style is gripping and edgy, which is why it is commonly used in these kinds of sports shows. This could also be used in an advert for one of these shows on a website, magazine or newspaper.

This font looks professional and one that would be used in organising sports tables and other sports based data. This also looks like it could feature within a sports magazine or newspaper as a masthead or as part of an advert. It looks authentic and simplistic which is why it is often used within sport, as it is easy on the eye for the reader.

This fits a sporting genre because most of their typography styles look professional and formal. Despite its “gothic” connotations, this font is very formal and could very easily be used in a formal manner. I would also consider using such a font in a newspaper advert, as I could not use a font in a radio trailer.

This would most likely be used as part of a website or a magazine masthead. This is because of its bold style, it easily stands out as being professional.

Newspaper Audience Research*

A9 Cast List*

Jamie Lowry



Jonty Colman



Bodmin College Football Academy

Placement Ideas*

My newspaper advert will feature in various locations across both tabloid and broadsheet newspapers. I shall predominatly look at newspapers with large sports sections such as The Sun, Metro and the Daily Mail. As they are both popular newspapers across the country, then they will attract wider audiences are ones that are  more specific to being sports related.

I want my newspaper advert to feature in both tabloid and broadsheet newspapers. As sport bridges the gap between both newspaper styles. I want people of all classes and backgrounds to be watching my documentary as it appeals to all kind of occupations  

Newspaper Advert Genre & Institution Research

Colour advertisements were first in Newspapers in 1936 featured in the newspaper “Glasgow Daily Record”.  However the whole newspaper did not become in colour until 50 years later which shows that adverts really stood out for years before the whole newspaper followed suit. However there have not been masses of development throughout history of adverts, however back during the wartime era, adverts were more in the style of propaganda convincing men to sign up and fight for their country. Nowadays, it is more to do with product placement. Newspapers tend to have historically been constructed and edited by men, however a lot of women are in journalism nowadays with it now seeming a lot more evenly split between both sexes.

In 1476, the printing press was first invented by William Caxton and became the main form of printing 145 years before the first newspaper even existed. Nowadays modern forms use programmes such as Adobe Pagemaker make the process simpler and more accessible to a wider range of people. 

There are two main forms of newspaper, Tabloid and Broadsheet both of which have its successes. Tabloids have only existed since the 1920’s and first originated from the US. Broadsheets have existed since the offset and have focussed heavily on actual news and politics which are the main topical focus points in the world’s news. Tabloids on the other hand tend to focus on gossip and controversy. Tabloids have come under scrutiny often as they don’t tend to appeal to older adults, however younger readers prefer this approach and can get more involved in the topical issues surrounding the world.

In terms of sport, both types of newspaper feature sport. Broadsheets tend to be more professional and down to earth; Tabloids on the other hand focus on controversy and talking points instead of cold hard facts.

Chris Bambery states that the Marxism theory in sport means that when somethings popular it becomes a business. This is a perfect example in football because over recent years it has become more of a business as the game has progressed throughout history. 

NA2: Newspaper Advert Analysis

My first advert I shall be analysing is by channel 5 from inside a newspaper which is advertising several television shows. Its primary colour scheme is red and white which is the same colour scheme as the channels logo which helps its appeal in terms of continuity. It also features the logo as a large centrepiece of the page making it instantly recognisable as to what’s on Channel 5. By sticking with a certain house style readers will feel like they are being catered for as well as making all of the companies adverts instantly recognisable and relatable to channel 5. When I create my advert, I shall ensure that a consistent and professional house style is used throughout my work to make my target audience enticed by my television documentary.

Red has been predominantly used in this advert as it connotes danger and excitement. By doing this, readers will naturally want to read into this advert out of curiosity due to its persuasive manor. The white used is there to connote freshness and hope which initially makes the readers’ hopeful that these programmes will be entertaining ones.  

When I construct my advert, I feel that that my connotations and denotations must be on point if I want my advert to have success. I also need it to attract my target audience of predominantly males aged 12-35, so I need to arrange my advert in a way that it represents them.

I feel that Channel 5’s advert is really impressive when it comes to representing its target audience. Its bold typography makes the advert stand out in comparison to other similar adverts. It’s not complexed but at the same time its message is very clear. They want people to see their programmes and that message is very clear from an instant glance at this advert. Its logo is a key factor in this advert as it is instantly recognisable to all television viewers. If this logo was not used similar fashion or context, it would simply not be as valuable and important. I need to ensure my advert is bold and stands out to have a similar affect to my audience.

The layout on this Channel 5 advert is modern but yet formally structured at the same time. It’s main image at the top stands out as it main programme out of the ones being advertised with the other three images having equal spacing on the bottom row. When you compare the advert for “Life after Armageddon” to the rest of the programmes you can see that it’s not in chronological order thus meaning this is their main show. By giving extra publicity to one show, it makes the layout slightly unstructured and edgy but at the same time you clearly know which show has the most importance. In an advert with that structure it is very hard to enforce a chronological order so by using one show as the main image, they do not have to worry about this as much.

I feel that in terms of representation theory, this advert represents its target audience as mainly adults read newspapers and that this advert clearly is aimed at adults. It is clearly an adult advert with adults being considered when this advert was made. Thus, this advert clearly represents its audience.

 

My second advert analysis is from Sky Sports in a newspaper. I chose this as this has a lot of similarities as to what I am aiming for. It mainly uses red and blue as its main colours as stereotypically they are the most common colours wore by football teams so instantly football fans are attracted. These are again demonstrated in the Sky Sports logo as it is mainly red and blue. You can also see that in all the badges of the teams that are playing, all of them either feature red, blue or both of them together. As my documentary is based on football, I should definitely consider using these colours to make my advert instantly appeal to football fans.

The badges of the premiership teams are used and focussed on rather than the text. This connotes football heavily as fans would rather see their clubs crest than the name of their team as it excites them and make them proud to see their team live and soon. The small font and minuscule amount of text suggests that anyone that really cares and loves football would know instantly whose playing and not even consider the text. As my documentary focusses on a low leave team, then using a badge as much as Sky Sports do I would attract less people as supposed to if I used bold text.

Similarly to the Channel 5 advert, Sky Sports does a very good job when it comes to making their advert explosive despite not featuring a lot of content. It says all that it needs to inside the advert. “This weekend” may be basic but it says all that I needs to. It just says to you that this is what’s coming up and that these teams are being featured. It represents its target audience as football fans are only interested in whose playing rather than lots of fancy unnecessary text. I will use text with mine as it’s a new show which will need explanation and a good description to it.

The layout on the Sky Sports advert is simple and effective. Its explosive border of colour makes a basic advert look like an impressive one. The fixtures are in chronological order which in this context is very necessary as otherwise fans may get confused as to what fixtures are on what dates. They are all given level spacing which shows that they want fans to watch all four matches rather than just one. As my whole advert will be on one show, layout will not be a huge issue when my advert is concerned.

In terms of representation theory, this advert is the perfect symbolisation for football fans. It has club crests, dates and a channel on there. This is literally perfect in the eyes of a football fan, being one myself I can safely say this and I know that many others share this opinion.

For my third and final analysis I shall be looking at an advert for the DVD release of Star Wars: The Force Awakens via Sainsbury's. Its primary colours are orange, white and black. The black connotes Star Wars as it is often associated with this colour. The orange and white connote Sainsbury's instantly and if you knew that this was a supermarket advert, you'd know instantly that this is a Sainsbury's advert. This is also helped by the fairly large logo for Sainsbury's on the bottom left of the poster. By maintaining a reoccurring house style, you will feel that you can instantly relax and associate this with a famous brand that everyone knows. I shall consider my house style and how best to represent my target audience when creating my own newspaper advertisements.

White has been mainly used for two reasons. The first of these is because it connotes the house style used by Sainsbury's over several generations which I have already discussed. The second of which is because white also connotes science and high-tech genres which is what genres Star Wars falls under. By double connoting you are appealing to both Star Wars lovers and informing who people who regularly shop at Sainsbury's that the latest DVD release is on sale at their supermarket of choice. 

When it comes to constructing my advert, I will make sure that both my connotations and my denotations represent my 12-30 male target audience in the best way possible. I shall therefore use easy on the eye visual images as well as minimal easy to read text.

I feel that Sainsbury's simplistic advert works very well for them when it comes to target audience representation. It's title in simplistic and it only requires the words "Out Tomorrow" outside of the advert because of how large and sell-able the brand of star wars really is. They didn't require any more text or any more detail as this simplistic advert is perfect for their middle to lower class target audience, which is similar to that in which I shall be aiming my advert to. I shall use a large Channel 5 logo on my advert in a similar way to how Sainsbury's have displayed their logo here. Audiences would not know which channel is displaying 'Life After Football' so therefore my logo will be crucial into capturing audiences and high viewing figures for 'Life After Football'. The logo will probably have a key role in the centre of my poster.

The layout is very simple and effective in Sainsbury's advert. On the grand scheme of things it is very informal but still has a formal size and structure to it. It is a regualr poster advert size and Sainsbury's do their main part of brand advertising at the top and bottom of this poster. Their advertisement for Star Wars is central as it is the main focal point of this particular advert. They are not selfish and focus their middle on Star Wars which if anything helps to increase both the publicity and popularity of both Film and Company. As I will be advertising both a TV Documentary and Channel Five, I shall use the main part of the poster for my documentary and a section in the middle or along the bottom for my Channel Five logo.

I feel this advertisement fits representation theory very well because it represents its target audience as clearly as possible. A simple advert for an averagely educated target audience in a middle to lower class publication. What could be more fitting?

This is the same sort of effect that I want to emulate.